4.3.2. HR professionalism (HRP)HR professionalism is formed by seven different dimensions referring as seven latent variables (SP, CA, CB, CM, HI, TP and IL) and is a higher-order construct that featured as a reflective-formative model. Therefore, assessing its validity involve in two stage of assessing both the reflective lower-order construct and the formative higher-order construct.The first step involves in examining the indicator loadings. The results at Table 4.8 show that all outer loadings of the construct of SP, CA, CB, CM, HI, TP, IL are higher than the allowed value of 0.708, only the outer loading of HI01 equals to 0.703, a little bit lower than this standard. However, Hair et al. (2014) noted that 0.70 could be acceptable, because it is considered close enough to the value of 0.708. As results, total loading of the construct ensure to explain more than 50% of the items’ variance, thus achieving the acceptable item reliability.Next, the internal consistency reliability of these latent variables are examined by the composite reliability. As results, the composite reliability (CR) of SP, CA, CB, CM, HI, TP and IL that fall in the range of 0.937 to 0.947 meet the requirement standard of Jöreskog (1971).Chapter 4: Reaserch ResultsNext, the average variance extracted (AVE) is employed to assess the construct’s convergent validity for all items on each construct. The AVE values of variables (SP, 0.714; CA, 0.759; CB, 0.776; CM, 0.688; HI, 0.642; TP, 0.769; and IL, 0.716) all are higher than 0.5, indicating that these seven variables have high convergence.Finally, the findings at table 4.9 show that all values of HTMT are smaller than 0.85. In addition, the results at table 4.10 demonstrate that the low and high limit of the 95% confidence interval of all variables does not contain the