Luận án Migration, climate change, and unemployment in Asia
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The theory of Lee (1966) was formed on the basis of summarizing Ravenstein’s laws, systematizing problems related to migration and expressing them in the form of models. Lee divides the factors affecting migration into groups including the group of factors associated with the origin and origin of migration; The group of factors associated with the destination of migration; Obstacles and obstacles appearing between the two places of origin and destination that migrants have to overcome, called intermediate obstacles; The personal and personal characteristics of migrants. At the same time, the concept of mental costs such as the severance of family relationships, friends, neighbors, personal and private factors, (age status, personal health status, family status, number of children that can be brought or have to be sent back to relatives, etc.) are also included in the calculation. Lee (1966) was an American sociologist who developed a migration model that built on Ravenstein’ s laws of migration. Lee’s migration model, also known as the push-pull model, highlights the interplay between push factors that drive people to leave their place of origin, Origin and Destination Factors and Interventing Obstacles in Migration Origin Destination Intervening Obstacles and pull factors that attract them to their destination. The model also includes intervening obstacles that can impact the decision to migrate. Here are the main components of Lee’s migration model: Push factors: These are negative aspects of the origin area that motivate people to migrate. Push factors can include factors such as poverty, unemployment, war, discrimination, and natural disasters. Positive attributes of the destination region that entice individuals to migrate are referred to as pull factors (Lee, 1966). These factors may encompass job prospects, improved quality of life, and availability of education and healthcare. Intervening obstacles: These are factors that can inhibit or prevent migration, even if push and pull factors are present. Examples of intervening obstacles include the cost of migration, immigration laws and policies, and social and cultural factors. Distance decay: This principle holds that the likelihood of migration decreases as the distance between the origin and destination increases. Step migration: This principle holds that migration often occurs in a series of smaller moves, or “steps,” rather than in one large move. Lee’s migration model has been influential in the study of migration patterns, particularly in the context of international migration. This model emphasizes the intricate interactions among economic, political, social, and environmental factors that influence migration choices, and it remains a key reference for research and policy debates related to immigration and mobility.