Lao People Democratic Republic (Lao PDR) is a developing country that is located in the central part of the Indochina peninsula. The telecommunication industry plays a significant role in the national economic development of Laos. In 2008, the telecommunications sector accounted for approximately 1.6 percent of the total GDP and is considered one of the fastest growing sectors in Laos. There are some communication policy studies undertaken by scholars and media and political organization, but research on International Joint Ventures (IJVs) in Telecommunication industry in Laos has been limited. Especially, it seems that very modest attention has been given to investigate IJVs’ performance and factors influencing it in the industry in Laos. Thus, these issues are the focus of this dissertation.